Запишите число (May,29) и тему. Тему переведите на русский язык. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст. Абзацы 1 — 4 (выделены жирным шрифтом) переведите письменно. Задание 1 выполните письменно.
In electrostatics, two models are used to describe the electrical properties of a substance — a conductor and a dielectric. Such a separation of substances into two classes according to their ability to transfer electric charges was introduced in the XVIII century.
A conductor is a model of a substance containing free charges — charged particles capable of moving within a conductor at any distance under the influence of an arbitrarily small force.
Conductors are also called bodies consisting of a conductive substance.
A dielectric is a model of a substance within which charged particles occupy a fixed position. Under the action of external forces, these particles can only move from equilibrium to distances not exceeding the size of atoms. Such particles in electrostatics are called bound charges.
The term «insulator» taken by Michael Faraday in 1838 for non-conductive substances, is used like the term «insulator».
The applicability of the model is determined by the nature of the solving problem, the chemical composition of the substance and the conditions in which it is located. When describing the properties of one and the same substance at the same temperatures, we can use both the model of a conductor and a dielectric.
Examples of substances the conductor model is applicable to under normal conditions are metals and salt solutions. Silk, glass, porcelain, plastics, transformer oil under normal conditions are dielectrics.
Задание 1. Запишите на английском языке и переведите следующие словосочетания:
- conductors and dielectrics
- to describe the electrical properties of a substance
- ability to transfer electric charges
- free charges
- charged particles
- at any distance
- under the influence of force
- conductive substance
- non-conductive substance
- a fixed position
- external forces
- equilibrium
- the size of atoms
- applicability of the model
- chemical composition
- at the same temperatures
- under normal conditions
Выполненную работу отправить на почту преподавателя oskibit17@mail.ru сегодня, 29 мая, 2020 г.